Kristian's web log

January 4, 2010

The problem with piracy

Filed under: /dev/random — Tags: , , , — kristian @ 00:27

If you are paying attention to the news, you will be aware of the rising piracy-problem. International authoroties have tried desperately to stop the piracy, but so far little has helped. It has had large economic impacts, both in stolen goods and in the cost of the war on piracy.

As it turns out, the core of the prolem lies in the nature of the piracy: Piracy is taking place because the people feel that there is little to loose. The environment in which the piracy takes place is one where the pirates and the community around them is constantly bullied and given little hope of improvement. The situation has only gotten worse over the years, and the efforts to stop the piracy is ultimately focused on enforcing the existing laws instead of solving the problems of the society. And while authoroties might be able to quench the piracy, it comes at a cost too: The society is again left to improve itself without any help real from the outside because the rest of the world is happy with the situation as it is and doesn’t want to stir things up.

For those who haven’t been paying attention to the news, I’m talking about Somalia, a country that was ranked 161st on UNs list of roughly 180 countries based on it’s “human development index”. That is, the last time it was included in the ranking, which was in 2001.

So called illegal file sharing and the war on sharing has many similarities with the story above. Beyond the obvious, there’s insistance on calling both pirates and file sharers for immoral outcasts of society that only prey on their surroundings and doesn’t give anything back. If it could be linked to terrorists; even better. And yes, according to the propaganda-movie at the end of my “House MD” dvd, file sharing funds terrorism. I’m not entirely sure how, but hey, I bet it’s a good argument. The reality is – of course – different. It also states that it costs jobs…. well… isn’t that a GOOD thing for me? I don’t want to pay a bunch of guys for sitting around doing nothing. The distribution networks of today is terribly inefficient. The concept of being “out of stock” should’ve gone away with the invention of the DVD. And the idea that it costs jobs is also strange, because all the propaganda-makers and lawyers wouldn’t have jobs if it wasn’t for the war on sharing.

There is one big difference: Piracy is carried out by means of violence. Pirates steal actual goods. File sharing doesn’t actually have any material costs, nor is it by any conclusive and through research possible to say that it even reduces sales. In fact, I’m sure I’m not the only one who suspect that file sharing increases sales. I own over 350 dvds and blueray movies now. I bought several of them after I had seen them. Why? Two reasons: 1. Because it’s right. 2. Because I liked the movie.

An other difference is that the somali pirates struggle to improve the conditions of a geographicly limited society, whereas file sharers operate in a global society. All in all it’s not that different, though: File sherers don’t get any real out-side help either, and are always on the defensive, regardless of how they “fight”. It is hard for outsiders to understand the society that the pirates live in, just as it’s hard for someone who wasn’t brought up in the digital age to understand how wrong the war against file sharing feels.

I do not condone piracy. But I can understand why it’s taking place and I belive it’s extermely cynical to use brute force to stop it without any hint of a public debate as to the soiciological conditions that allowed it in the first place. In the same way that I don’t like the idea of breaching copyrights through illegal file sharing, but I think it’s extermely cynical – and naive – to think that the real problem can be stopped by means of authority, laws and technology created to maintain the status quo in an ever-changing global class struggle.

It’s also very hard to talk openly about illegal file sharing: Admitting the act is difficult because it’s illegal. So who’s to speak for the file sharers? What we need, is asylum for file sharers to enable a proper public debate….. But that’ll never happen.

Oh, and let’s quit calling it “piracy” when we mean one of or all of:

  • Copying a movie to your friend
  • Sharing a movie to strangers on the internet
  • Buying an obviously illegaly copied movie on the streets of some foreign country (this you should never do – ever. Get it on the net instead, since this really is for-profit crime)
  • Downloading a movie or series off the net because it’s not available where you live.

In the end, this is what I want:

  • Movies and music
  • The ability to pay for said movies and music
  • Market models designed around current technology
  • NOT technology designed around and designed to enforce the current market model (ie: DRM)
  • Freedom
  • Fairness

If you can sell 100 copies of the same movies for one tenth of the price you could sell ten movies for (distribution costs included) then why not do it? That’s what copyright is for: Enabling the public to get access to professional copyrighted works. It is not to protect the thoughts of the copyright holder. You have a skull to protect your intellectual property, and we have laws against bashing your skull in. And if you need technology to protect your intellectual property, then wear a god damned helmet. In the mean time, I don’t use hemlets to protect from robbers, so don’t force a helmet onto my blyeray disc movies.

I could go on and on with this rhetoric and endless digressions to underline the point… But what’s the point…. Money talks, after all, but not my money, it seems.

July 21, 2009

Window Managers – WMII and Awesome

Filed under: /dev/random, wm — Tags: , , , — kristian @ 13:57

I’ve been trying out wmii and awesome (wm) for a few months, and must say it’s a mixed pleasure switching from Compiz to wmii and awesome.

First let me tell you a little bit about wmii and awesome: They are both ‘dynamic tiling window managers’, which basically mean they resize windows for you so you always use the entire screen. Additionally, they both work on ‘tags’ instead of ‘workspaces’, which is just an other way of saying they work on workspaces, but diffrently. Really.  [Edit: The major difference is that you can have a window in more than one tag, where with traditional workspaces, your only option is to have a window in either one or all workspaces/viewports/thingamajings]

So why did I stop using Compiz? Because I didn’t have time to figure out why I had screen glitches when I was scrolling after upgrading to Ubuntu 9.04. I knew it probably wasn’t Compiz, but I also knew it was probably related to something that Compiz uses (like TFP or similar). It’s just too much dark magic at work, and it’s frankly not very mature (there, I said it. A long-time Beryl/Compiz-developer said that the technology that Compiz uses isn’t very mature).

So anyway, I’d heard good things about wmii, so I tried it.

I liked it.

I finally got used to navigating with hjkl, after using GNU+Linux for 10 years.

Let me tell you why I like it: I essentially use two programs for what a wm is concerned: urxvt and firefox.  And mplayer, but that’s hardly an issue. Firefox is usually maximized, and I quickly start and stop terminals. In Compiz, I wrote maximumize to make that easier. With WMII, terminals just worked.

Tags with wmii was also fun, but I didn’t feel that I really got to use them properly. You can’t view multiple tags at the same time, and if a window has multiple tags (ie: exist on multiple workspaces/viewports), you easily end up removing tags from it if you want to move one of the tags around. This typically means that if I tag all my firefox-windows with ‘f’, then decide to move the calendar-window from tag 2 to tag 3, it’s no longer tagged with ‘f’ unless I re-tag it.

However, one thing really ruled with wmii: Pretty much everything is a script, or oriented around scripts. The defaults were a little strange: by default, it used ALT as mod key, which is rather common to use for other apps. And it also had ‘exec’ as the first option if you used Mod+a to execute certain actions, which essentially meant I crashed/stopped the wm several times by accident.  But this was all based around simple shell scripting and piping. And it was easy to hack. Which I did. And it was great fun.

But here’s the problem: WMII has no notion of multihead. This was a major drawback, as I had to use multiple X screens, which isn’t nearly as dynamic. This essentially turned into the show stopper. I couldn’t move my windows around, and I had to restart X if I connected my laptop to a projector or external monitor.

So I turn to awesome. And immediately I notice a few issues: First of all, it uses x-terminal to start terminals. This is good. What’s not good is that this is set to gnome-terminal by default on Ubuntu 9.04. I wasn’t running GNOME. It didn’t start. There was no indication of why it didn’t start. I won’t really consider this an awesome-issue, but an ubuntu-issue.

Awesome handles itself similar to wmii, but it actually handles multihead in xinerama/xrandr/twinview/mergedfb/whateveryouwannacallit. It simply works. The tags seem simpler; Where in wmii I created tags with names easily (for instance a “mail” tag, or a “customer A”-tag) with Mod+shift+t/Mod+t, awesome seems to come with nine tags pre-created and no names (ie: tag one, two, three…). It does seem able to display multiple tags at once, though, which is nice. And better yet: It’s really easy to toggle what tags are shown.

Awesome and wmii is also different in that Awesome deals with “window layouts” where wmii deals with columns. In wmii, a column is just that: a column of windows. You can move your windows with mod+shift+hjkl, and moving them to the left/right will move or create a column. Awesome, on the other hand, has a number of layouts to select from, and will create columns and rows accordingly, which strikes me as more flexible. However, moving windows in awesome isn’t quite as nice: You don’t actually move them, you switch them with the next/previous window, which means you can’t intuitively move a window from left to right.

Awesome also has a nasty habit of displaying important windows (like the confirmation-dialog of nvidia settings) below other windows. This wasn’t an issue with wmii. However, the general feel of awesome is somewhat better.  It used the super-key by default as modifier-key, and it uses the F1/F2-key combos for help and running stuff, so fewer key-bindings to remember (although it uses mod+F1/F2, not Alt+F1/F2). Oh, and Mod+F1 is actually just a shortcut to open manual pages, and Mod+F3 is a shortcut to open ssh terminals (pretty cute, really).  I still haven’t felt the need to configure awesome much, but it seems fairly straigth forward.

What I miss most in awesome, that wmii had, was the ease of navigating windows. Awesome places all window-titles in the menu/status-bar at the top, which essentially means it’s impossible to tell what window has focus. I’m guessing I can improve that with a theme, but I shouldn’t have to.

So what window manager to use? Well, both awesome and wmii are good choices if you don’t need/want a full DE (KDE/GNOME/XFCE/…). I’d say that if you have two monitors, or are likely to use two monitors, you probably want awesome over wmii. Otherwise, I’d probably go with wmii, due to the window navigation and the ease of customizing it.

Summary

Awesome:  Better defaults, quirky window navigation, less dynamic tag-creation, better multihead. Seems more prone to bugs (dialogs below other windows, changing tag on one head seems to change it on the other too from time to time.)

WMII : Actual help on startup. NO multihead support. Powerful tag creation/deletion. No way to veiw multiple tags. Really nice window navigation. A tad too locked into coulmns.

All in all, something I miss in both of these is a way to switch focus between screens without using a mouse. Maybe I’m missing it somewhere in Awesome, but wmii will never be able to do this as long as it requires multiple X screens. Awesome was very intuitive: Things like moving windows with the mouse ‘just worked’.

[Edit: Awesome can switch between screens with Mod+Ctrl+j/k. Just goes to show you should read man files before hitting the "publish" button]

Oh yeah, I still haven’t given up on Compiz. I just took a break. Maybe I’ll work on wmii or awesome, or go back to Compiz… Who knows.

February 4, 2009

The Future of Compiz – Take two

Filed under: Compiz — Tags: , , — kristian @ 18:47

In late December, I sent a mail to the Compiz mail list, where I expressed my concern for the future of compiz. Basically, it all boiled down to a lack of direction and leadership, made worse by a lack of documentation, a project structure that’s nothing short of messy and two-three significant branches that had appeared.

Luckily,  the community rose to the challange, and we’re finally getting the project back on track. For those who used my post as a basis to predict the doom of Compiz; Sorry, we’re here to stay.

This morning I sent an e-mail to the Compiz mailinglist and forum on behalf of the Compiz Council,  announcing the creation of the Council, the decision to unite the project under a single banner and the preliminary road map.

This was made possible through three separate conference calls (I missed the first) with members from  the community. Thanks are due to Michael Meeks and whoever else helped make that happen. I regret that it was necessary, but it was definitley efficient, and it will allow us to work.

I would’ve expected more discussion on the forum and mailing list, but so far, the response has been somewhat slow. Hopefully, people will realise that we just revived a project that’s been dormant for the last two years when we start dropping releases in their lap.

On that note, Compiz 0.8.0 will probably be released within 2 weeks. And, I hope, closely followed by 0.9.0, the first development release with Compiz++.

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